Advanced Functions: Default Arguments, Lambda Functions, and Scope
Builds on basic Python functions by introducing three practical concepts: default arguments that make parameters optional and simplify call sites, lambda expressions for writing short anonymous functions inline, and Python's scoping rules distinguishing local from global variables. Includes examples of using lambdas as sort keys with sorted(), modifying global state with the global keyword, and a practical exercise that builds a flexible number-sorting function using these techniques together.